Pradhan Mantri Janshakti Nyay Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN)

23 APRIL 2026

Pradhan Mantri Janshakti Nyay Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN) is flagship central government initiative launched on 15 November 2023, aimed at socio-economic upliftment of 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) spread across 18 states and Andaman & Nicobar.
15 November is observed as Tribal Pride Day or Janjatiya Gaurav Divas.
15 November is the birthday of the great tribal warrior Birsa Munda
The scheme provides 11 critical interventions through nine Ministries/Departments, focusing on ensuring access to pucca houses, safe drinking water, road and mobile connectivity, electricity, and vocational education for individual households and habitations.
A unique aspect is the inter-ministerial convergence, with the Ministry of Tribal Affairs serving as the nodal ministry while each participating ministry implements its respective Central Sector and Centrally Sponsored schemes.
It provides assistance up to ₹2.5 lakh for a pucca house to eligible families.
Ayushman Card aims to provide for easy access to healthcare services in remote areas.
It also focuses on increasing their income by ensuring Minimum Support Price (MSP) for 90 forest products now as compared to only 10 before 2014.

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) are a sub-category of Scheduled Tribes in India requiring higher protection, characterized by declining populations, pre-agricultural technology, extreme isolation, and very low literacy.
Created in 1975, there are 75 recognized PVTGs across 18 states and one UT, with the highest concentration in Odisha (13) followed by Andhra Pradesh (12).
Based on recommendations from the Dhebar Commission (1960-61), these groups were formerly known as Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs).
Examples: Dongria Khond (Odisha), Jenu Kuruba/Koraga (Karnataka), Cholanaikayan (Kerala), Abujh Maria (Chhattisgarh), and Chenchu.
Under Section 3(1)(e) of the Forest Rights Act, 2006, PVTGs are guaranteed specific habitat rights, which are crucial for groups like the Chenchu of the Nallamalla forests who face relocation risks.

Van Dhan Vikas Kendras (VDVKs)

They are tribal livelihood centres set up to help forest-dwelling communities earn better income from minor forest produce.
It is implemented through TRIFED

Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India (TRIFED)

TRIFED was established in 1987 under the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, empowers tribal communities by marketing their handicrafts and forest produce.
It promotes sustainable livelihoods through retail outlets named “Tribes India,” selling products like arts, crafts, and natural products.
It also implementing minimum support prices for minor forest produce