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POLITY- STATES Help Kerala to overcome financial crisis: SC to Centre

POLITY- STATES

•The Supreme Court urged Centre to give Kerala a one-time package to tide over its current financial crisis as a “special case” before March 31, 2024. •A Bench headed by Justice Surya Kant said the Centre could make up for it in the next financial year by introducing stricter conditions for financial aid to the …

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GOVERNANCE - POLICY Panel recommends law to regulate Big Tech firms

GOVERNANCE – POLICY

•The Committee on Digital Competition Law, formed by the Corporate Affairs Ministry in February 2023, released its report, recommending legislation to regulate the market power of Big Tech firms like Google and Meta. •The Competition Act of 2002 “intervenes after the occurrence of an anti-competitive conduct”, the committee said. •The recommendations would better equip Competition …

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DEFENCE Tejas aircraft crash in Jaisalmer, first since 2001

DEFENCE

•A Tejas light combat aircraft (LCA) of the Indian Air Force (IAF) crashed at Jaisalmer during an operational training sortie. •This is the first crash of the indigenous jet since its maiden flight on January 4, 2001. •“The pilot ejected safely. A Court of Inquiry has been constituted to find out the cause of the …

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INTERNATIONAL - EUROPE Portugal’s far right Chega party on rise

INTERNATIONAL – EUROPE

•Portugal’s parliamentary election results saw far-right Chega, founded in 2019,  emerge as the third largest party, with 17% votes. •Chega (meaning Enough) ran a campaign promising to “clean up Portugal”, clamp down on immigration and implement measures such as chemical castration for some sex offenders. •The Socialist government, led by Goan-origin Prime Minister António Costa, …

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S&T - CHEMISTRY What makes the onion a tear-jerker?

S&T – CHEMISTRY

•Onions and garlic both contain derivatives of sulphur-containing amino acids. •When an onion is sliced, one of these compounds, S-1-propenyl-cysteine sulphoxide, is decomposed by an enzyme to form a volatile compound called propanethial-S-oxide. •This is the irritant, or lacrimator (the name for any substance that causes tears to flow). •When the compound comes in contact …

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S&T - ENERGY How is nuclear waste generated?

S&T – ENERGY

•Recently, India loaded its long-delayed Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) vessel, coming to the cusp of stage II — powered by uranium and plutonium — of its three-stage nuclear programme. •By stage III, India hopes to use its vast reserves of thorium. •But the large-scale use of nuclear power is accompanied by a difficult problem: …

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S&T - ENERGY Reprocessing nuclear fuel

S&T – ENERGY

•Reprocessing technologies separate fissile from non-fissile material in spent fuel. •The material is chemically treated to separate fissile material left behind from the non-fissile material. •Importantly, reprocessing also yields weapons-usable (different from weapons-grade) plutonium. •The IAEA has specified eight kilograms of plutonium in which plutonium-239 accounts for more than 95% to be the threshold for …

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S&T - IT Musk to ‘open source’ Grok chatbot to rival ChatGPT

S&T – IT

•Elon Musk said he would make his Grok chatbot, a rival to ChatGPT, open source as his feud with OpenAI deepens. •The multi-billionaire unveiled Grok late in 2023 as he attempts to catch up with OpenAI which he helped create in 2015 along with its CEO Sam Altman, providing key financing in its early days.

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